Introduction Meperidine, also known as pethidine, is a synthetic opioid agonist with distinct...

Fentanyl is a potent synthetic opioid agonist that belongs to the phenylpiperidine derivative class...

Introduction Morphine, named after the Greek god of dreams, Morpheus, is a prototype opioid agonist...

Characteristic Fentanyl Alfentanil Sufentanil Remifentanil Analgesic Potency Potent, reference...

IntroductionThe use of opioids in anesthesia has a rich and intricate history that has evolved over...

Introduction In the ever-evolving field of anesthesiology, innovation continually transforms patient...

Introduction Pharmacodynamics, the study of how drugs exert their effects on the body, is a...

Introduction Anesthesiologists are essential healthcare professionals responsible for administering...

The history of premedication in anesthesia is a captivating journey through time, reflecting the...